Koj puas tuaj yeem kwv yees tias cov pleev peb siv niaj hnub no: txhawm rau txhim kho peb cov yam ntxwv thiab kev zoo nkauj, muaj nws cov hauv paus hniav nyob rau hauv ancient Egyptian hnub nyoog thiab tau siv rau tag nrho cov hom phiaj?
Nrog rau qhov blog hnub no, peb yuav rov qab mus rau 6,000 xyoo kom nkag siab txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm Makeup & Cosmetic nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev nyab xeeb thiab kev sim. Thawj qhov pom ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce tuaj yeem taug qab mus rau tim lyiv teb chaws thaum ub, qhov chaw pleev xim ua tus qauv ntawm kev nplua nuj los thov rau lawv cov vajtswv thiab raug suav hais tias yog nyob ib sab ntawm kev pe hawm Vajtswv. Pleev tau pab ntau lub hom phiaj ua rau vanquish phem lub siab phem thiab cov ntsuj plig txaus ntshai, cov homphiaj, cov homphiaj, cov ntsiab lus zoo rau Vajtswv, thiab cais cov xwm txheej zoo. Pom raws li lub hauv paus ntawm tus kheej lub hwj chim, Kohl yog ib qho ntawm feem nrov pleev uas zoo li niaj hnub no tus duab ntxoov ntxoo dub. Lawv txawm hnav daim di ncauj liab, uas yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw rog thiab liab ocher thiab txawm tias siv Henna, ua rau lawv cov ntiv tes thiab ntiv taw. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau mus rau tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Rome thaum ub, qee qhov 4000 xyoo dhau los, qhov chaw uas cov neeg nyob ntawd tau siv zog ua kom zoo dua qub, qhov twg cov poj niam nyiam hnav lub teeb kov ntawm cov xim ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab daim di ncauj thiab cov khoom xyaw uas cov pleev no tau muab rho tawm. , tuaj los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov nroj tsuag thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog rau cov dyes thiab mercury (uas tam sim no tau raug tshaj tawm tias yog tshuaj lom) nrog rau zib mu thiab txiv roj roj. Los ntawm lub sij hawm no, lub invention ntawm lub teeb foundation hmoov, moisturizer, thiab cleanser, tau tshwm sim thiab parallel rau nws, charcoal yog siv los ua pob muag bold.
Los ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, txoj kev taug kev ntawm pleev tau ua rau Suav teb, qee qhov 600 mus rau 1500 xyoo dhau los, qhov chaw Suav muaj koob muaj npe, nrog rau kev tsim cov ntsia thawv polish, pib siv nws los sawv cev rau lawv cov xwm txheej. Ntawm ib sab, cov thawj coj hauv qib siab hnav cov xim nyiaj lossis xim kub, ntawm qhov tod tes, cov thawj coj qis hnav dub lossis liab thiab cov chav kawm qis tshaj raug txwv tsis pub hnav cov ntsia thawv polish. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv kuj tau siv lub hauv paus los sib cais ntawm cov vaj ntxwv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov xim siv rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag boiling, tsiaj rog, thiab txuj lom, vermillion. Tsiv mus tom ntej, nyob ib ncig ntawm 500 xyoo dhau los, lub sijhawm uas cov kws sau ntawv ntseeg tau pib tsim kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev pleev xim thiab kev sib cais thiab Elizabeth lub tswv yim ntawm kev zoo nkauj tau txais koob meej. Cov poj niam nruj me ntsis pib ua haujlwm ntawm kev tu tawv nqaij, muab lawv tus kheej zoo li cov tawv nqaij tsis zoo uas siv cov zaub mov hauv tsev, thiab txhua yam hloov pauv txij thaum ntawd los. Txhua tus poj niam pib plucking pob muag, ua kom tawv nqaij, siv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov hmoov lead dawb thiab pleev xim rau lawv lub puab tsaig thiab daim di ncauj nrog qe dawb, ochre, thiab txawm tias mercury. Tragically, cov kev zoo nkauj no tuaj ntawm tus nqi txaus ntshai heev rau lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev coj lawv txoj sia nyob mus txog 29 xyoo. Tom qab ntawd, nrog rau kev txhim kho ntxiv, kev pleev xim tuaj yeem ntseeg tau tias tsis yog poj niam, thiab qhov no tsim kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv hnav, tab sis qhov no tsis ntev nrog kev loj hlob ntawm Hollywood, uas ua rau kev lag luam kev zoo nkauj vam meej, thiab txij thaum ntawd los, nws pib. muab muag rau cov neeg coob coob. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, peb cov kev xav ntawm kev pleev xim yog dav dua thiab tau nce mus rau txhua tus ntawm txhua haiv neeg, poj niam txiv neej thiab cov chav kawm. Makeup hnub no tsis muaj teeb meem!
Nyab Xeeb Ua Ntej
Ntau xyoo dhau los, raws li peb tau pom, kev lag luam zoo nkauj thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce tau loj hlob sai. Qhov no tau ua rau txo qis rau kev nkag mus, thiab txhua tus tuaj yeem yooj yim pib lawv lub npe zoo nkauj. Txawm hais tias qhov no tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tau muab rau peb qee qhov zoo siab thiab cuam tshuam cov npe thiab cov khoom lag luam nrog ntau yam, muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Ntau tus kws kho mob zoo nkauj tau tawm tswv yim rau qhov tseeb tias, yog tias muaj cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj pleev lossis tshuaj ntxuav lub lag luam, sim nws kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, zoo, thiab kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom tsis ua mob rau cov neeg siv thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov teeb meem kev cai lij choj. . Kev kuaj cov khoom kom zoo nkauj yog ua los kuaj cov khoom kom zoo nkauj kom paub meej tias lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb rau daim tawv nqaij lossis lub cev. Txij li cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce tuaj ncaj qha rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, lawv tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj yog tias lawv muaj cov khoom tsis zoo thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj. Txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv txhua hom tau ua kom peb tsuas yog tsis txhob rov hais dua qhov tau tshwm sim yav dhau los. Yog li ntawd, cov tuam txhab uas tsim cov tshuaj pleev ib ce zoo yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm lawv lub npe. Kev ntsuam xyuas cov khoom ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom muag, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub tuam txhab, tus neeg muag khoom, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov neeg yuav khoom lossis cov neeg siv khoom. Muaj ntau qhov laj thawj zoo los kuaj xyuas cov tshuaj pleev ib ce kom zoo, yog nws los tiv thaiv kev nyiam ntawm lub tuam txhab, lossis kom paub tseeb tias kev tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom siv.
Txij li thaum lub tswv yim ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce feem ntau yog qhov tseeb tias lawv nyob ib ntus thiab ib txwm muaj zog. Thaum kev nyab xeeb tsis ua tiav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj tas mus li, feem ntau tsis yog rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij xwb tab sis kuj qhov muag. Kev phom sij rau cov neeg siv khoom yog qhov txaus ntshai rau lub tuam txhab. Los ntawm tsis kuaj lawv cov khoom thiab xyuas kom meej tias lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv, cov tuam txhab lag luam tau siv lub sijhawm uas qee yam tuaj yeem ua tsis ncaj ncees lawm thiab lawv tuaj yeem xaus nrog kev foob.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum lees paub tias txhua lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem tsim lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj tshaj plaws los yog txoj hauv kev ceev kom tau txais cov neeg siv khoom yuav khoom thawj zaug, tab sis qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom ib leeg tuaj yeem lav cov neeg siv khoom rov qab. Los ntawm kev sim lawv cov khoom kom zoo nkauj, cov tuam txhab ua kom paub tseeb tias lawv cov khoom yuav kav ntev txaus hauv tsev rau cov neeg siv khoom poob rau hauv kev hlub. Qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov no yog tej yam xws li kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov tsw ntawm cov khoom, sib cais cov kua hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab txawm tias tawv nqaij khaus. Tag nrho cov khoom no tuaj yeem kuaj pom nrog kev sim thiab kho ua ntej cov khoom puas mus txog tus neeg siv khoom.
Rau kev muag khoom tshiab, lub tuam txhab yuav tsum tau sim nws kom paub meej tias nws yuav muag. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas tseem yuav pab lawv paub yog tias lawv cov khoom muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev sib cais, hloov xim, lossis xaus nrog cov ntxhiab tsw phem. Thiab tsis yog qhov no xwb, tab sis kuj hais txog yuav ua li cas sau nws thiab yog tias cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum tau muab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm kev khaws cia, kev xyaum thiab ntev npaum li cas lawv tuaj yeem siv cov khoom tom qab qhib ua ntej nws tas sij hawm. Los ntawm kev siv cov kev sim, cov tuam txhab tshuaj pleev ib ce muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua kom pom tseeb ntawm lawv cov khoom.
Central Drugs Standard Control Organization
Cov neeg siv khoom ntseeg siab ntau dua thiab nyuaj kom tau txais tab sis poob nws tuaj yeem yooj yim li snap. Nyob ntawm lub teb chaws uas ib tus lag luam muag lawv cov khoom, cov kev cai sib txawv siv. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv European Union, manufacturers yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai hais nyob rau hauv lub Product Information File (PIF) thiab ua tej yam yuav tsum tau xeem. Ntawm qhov tod tes, hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, Lub Chaw Tswj Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj (FDA) tswj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Hauv Is Nrias teb, CDSCO qhia txog cov tshuaj pleev ib ce uas yog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb uas tib neeg siv tau los siv rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij kom huv, ua kom zoo nkauj, lossis ua kom zoo nkauj. Hauv Is Nrias teb, CDSCO kev pom zoo yuav tsum muaj rau cov xim ntxiv siv hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab tshuaj. Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce yuav tsum tau sau kom tsim nyog thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muab pov tseg thiab misbranded nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho raug cai lav rau kev tsim cov khoom tsis zoo thiab tsis tsim nyog. Daim ntawv tso cai yog muab tom qab cov khoom raug pom tias muaj kev nyab xeeb txaus.
Kev ntsuam xyuas: Yuav ua li cas kom paub meej cov khoom kom zoo nkauj muaj kev nyab xeeb?
Txawm hais tias hom kev sim yuav txawv ntawm lub teb chaws mus rau ib lub teb chaws, muab hauv qab no yog cov kev sim ntau tshaj plaws uas pab xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv, thiab tuaj yeem sib txawv, nyob ntawm seb hom thiab cov lus thov thiab cov khoom xyaw siv.
- Kev kuaj microbiological: Raws li peb paub tias txhua yam muaj cov kab mob microorganisms, thiab yog li ua cov khoom kom zoo nkauj. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog, lawv tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau cov neeg siv khoom thaum siv cov khoom siv thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob sib xyaw nrog lwm cov tshuaj, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov khoom thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Qhov ntawd yog qhov kev sim no los rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Microbiological Testing pab tsim los xyuas cov txheej txheem kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom tsis muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob phem. Cov qauv ntawm cov khoom raug sim siv ntau txoj hauv kev uas pab qhia txog qhov muaj cov kab mob, cov poov xab los yog fungi. Thiab txawm tias tom qab raug xa mus rau Kev Sib Tw Sib Tw uas tseem hu ua Preservative Effectiveness Test, los pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev loj hlob zoo li no.
- Cosmetic Sample Test: Kev ntsuam xyuas cov khoom kom zoo nkauj yuav tsum tau ua raws li Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) cov cai thiab kom ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem rau kev sau npe cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce. Ntxiv mus, nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov specifications ntawm ib lub chaw tsim khoom, neeg yuav khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom. Cov qauv kuaj muaj xws li hauv qab no
- Kev tshuaj xyuas lub cev thiab tshuaj ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom xyaw nquag
- Kev ntsuam xyuas kev nyab xeeb los ntsuas qhov muaj cov hlau hnyav hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, txwv tsis pub xim thiab tshuaj lom neeg
- Kev kuaj xyuas microbiological kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj microbial suav thiab cov kab mob
- Kev kwv yees zoo thiab ntau yam ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag
- Kev kuaj lub cev uas suav nrog cov tsis muaj xws li viscosity, kis-muaj peev xwm, kuaj kos, kuaj them nyiaj
- Kev kwv yees ntawm kev tiv thaiv hnub ci
- Kev tshawb fawb ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab rhiab heev;
- Kev ntsuas kev ruaj ntseg, kev txiav txim siab txee lub neej, thiab lwm yam.
- Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ruaj ntseg: Kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm ib puag ncig, tsim kom muaj kev cuam tshuam loj ntawm cov khoom ua rau nws hloov pauv thiab ua tsis zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom siv nrog lub sijhawm. Thaum qhov kev sim no los rau hauv kev siv. Kev ntsuas kev ruaj ntseg ua rau cov tuam txhab tsim khoom los pab kom ntseeg tau tias thaum lub sijhawm khoom txee lub neej, cov khoom tswj hwm nws cov tshuaj thiab microbiological zoo thiab ua nws txoj haujlwm nrog rau kev khaws nws lub cev. Hauv qhov no, cov khoom kuaj tau muab tso rau hauv cov xwm txheej tiag tiag los txiav txim siab lawv txoj kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub cev thiab tsom mus rau txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov xim, tsw lossis ib qho ntawm lub cev. Qhov kev sim no tseem ua rau cov tuam txhab lag luam ntsuas qhov chaw cia khoom thiab kwv yees lawv lub txee lub neej.
- Kev Soj Ntsuam Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no ua rau nws lub hauv paus los ntawm qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb uas tus neeg siv khoom txiav txim siab yuav khoom, uas yog qhov kev thov raws li nws cov haujlwm thiab cov txiaj ntsig tom qab siv. Kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo yog kev sim ua kom pom cov lus thov los ntawm cov khoom thiab xyuas kom meej tias nws yog qhov tseeb lossis cuav. Nws saj cov khoom raws li nws cov functionality, usability, durability thiab kev ua tau zoo. nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias txhua yam uas tau nce qib kuj muaj pov thawj. Qhov no tuaj yeem nkag siab yooj yim nrog ib qho piv txwv: Wb hais tias, txhua lub npe XYZ txhawb nqa nws cov khoom nrog lub cim ntawm kev sib ntaus pob txuv hauv 24 teev. yog li qhov kev sim no xyuas kom meej tias nws ua raws li nws thov lossis tsis ua.
- Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Toxicology: Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no pab cov tuam txhab txiav txim siab seb puas muaj ib yam khoom ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom sib tov tau nthuav tawm nrog kev pheej hmoo thaum siv los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lossis tsis. Yog li kom paub tseeb tias cov khoom siv raw siv tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom, qhov kev sim no tau ua. Ntau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas suav nrog los qhia txog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig thaum nws los txog rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag ntawm daim tawv nqaij khaus, corrosion, nkag mus, thiab rhiab heev.
- Compatible Test nrog Ntim: Ntxiv nrog rau cov khoom kuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub ntim yuav tsum tau kuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov, uas tau tuaj ncaj qha rau cov khoom tiav vim tias cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm ua tau yooj yim ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau cov neeg siv khoom. Qhov kev sim no yuav xyuas seb puas muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom tsim thiab ntim khoom.
Cosmetic Test Laboratories hauv Is Nrias teb
Peb lub tebchaws muaj qee qhov chaw kuaj tshuaj pleev ib ce zoo nkauj hauv Is Nrias teb, qee qhov ntawm cov hauv qab no:
- Gujarat Laboratory
- Sigma Tests & Research Center
- Spectro Analytical Lab
- Arbo Pharmaceuticals
- Auriga Kev Tshawb Fawb
- RCA lab
- Akums Drugs & Pharmaceuticals thiab lwm yam.
Thaum nws los txog rau cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce, kev nyab xeeb yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas cov neeg siv khoom xav tau. Kev ntsuam xyuas ib yam khoom tsuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev kuaj xyuas thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom kom zoo nkauj. Cov kev cai tam sim no tau muaj zog ntxiv vim tias cov khoom lag luam no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo siab rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab tam sim no yuav tsum tau hloov kho tshiab thaum lawv tau tsim tawm thiab yuav tsum tau cog lus rau qhov zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb.
